xo-alloc/include/xo/unit/quantity.hpp

346 lines
16 KiB
C++

/** @file quantity.hpp
*
* Author: Roland Conybeare
**/
#pragma once
#include "quantity_ops.hpp"
#include "natural_unit.hpp"
#include "scaled_unit.hpp"
namespace xo {
namespace qty {
/** @class quantity
* @brief represent a scalar quantity with associated units.
*
* Enforce dimensional consistency at compile time.
* sizeof(quantity) == sizeof(Repr).
**/
template <
auto /*natural_unit<Int>*/ NaturalUnit,
typename Repr = double,
typename Int2x = detail::width2x_t<typename decltype(NaturalUnit)::ratio_int_type> >
class quantity {
public:
using repr_type = Repr;
using unit_type = decltype(NaturalUnit);
using ratio_int_type = decltype(NaturalUnit)::ratio_int_type;
using ratio_int2x_type = Int2x;
public:
constexpr quantity() : scale_{0} {}
explicit constexpr quantity(Repr scale) : scale_{scale} {}
static constexpr bool always_constexpr_unit = true;
constexpr const repr_type & scale() const { return scale_; }
constexpr const unit_type & unit() const { return s_unit; }
// is_dimensionless
// unit_qty
// zero_qty
// reciprocal
template <typename Repr2>
constexpr
auto with_repr() const {
return quantity<s_unit,
Repr2,
ratio_int2x_type>(scale_);
}
/* parallel implementation to Quantity<Repr, Int>::rescale(),
* except that NaturalUnit2 is a compile-time-only template-argument
*
* NOTE: constexpr as long as no fractional units involved.
*/
template <natural_unit<ratio_int_type> NaturalUnit2>
constexpr
auto rescale() const {
/* conversion factor from .unit -> unit2*/
auto rr = detail::su_ratio<ratio_int_type,
ratio_int2x_type>(NaturalUnit, NaturalUnit2);
if (rr.natural_unit_.is_dimensionless()) {
repr_type r_scale = (((rr.outer_scale_sq_ == 1.0)
? 1.0
: ::sqrt(rr.outer_scale_sq_))
* rr.outer_scale_factor_.template convert_to<repr_type>()
* this->scale_);
return quantity<NaturalUnit2, Repr, Int2x>(r_scale);
} else {
return quantity<NaturalUnit2, Repr, Int2x>(std::numeric_limits<repr_type>::quiet_NaN());
}
}
template <scaled_unit<ratio_int_type> ScaledUnit2>
constexpr
auto rescale_ext() const {
/* conversion factor from .unit -> unit2*/
auto rr = detail::su_ratio<ratio_int_type,
ratio_int2x_type>(NaturalUnit, ScaledUnit2.natural_unit_);
if (rr.natural_unit_.is_dimensionless()) {
/* NOTE: test for unit .outer_scale_sq values to get constexpr result with c++23
* and integer dimension powers.
*/
repr_type r_scale = ((((rr.outer_scale_sq_ == 1.0)
&& (ScaledUnit2.outer_scale_sq_ == 1.0))
? 1.0
: ::sqrt(rr.outer_scale_sq_ / ScaledUnit2.outer_scale_sq_))
* rr.outer_scale_factor_.template convert_to<repr_type>()
* this->scale_
/ ScaledUnit2.outer_scale_factor_.template convert_to<repr_type>());
return quantity<ScaledUnit2.natural_unit_, Repr, Int2x>(r_scale);
} else {
return quantity<ScaledUnit2.natural_unit_, Repr, Int2x>(std::numeric_limits<repr_type>::quiet_NaN());
}
}
template <typename Dimensionless>
requires std::is_arithmetic_v<Dimensionless>
constexpr auto scale_by(Dimensionless x) const {
return quantity(x * this->scale_);
}
// divide_by
// divide_into
// divide
// add
// subtract
/* parallel implementation to Quantity<Repr, Int> */
template <typename Quantity2>
static constexpr
auto compare(const quantity &x, const Quantity2 & y) {
quantity y2 = y.template rescale<s_unit>();
return x.scale() <=> y2.scale();
}
// operator-
// operator+=
// operator-=
// operator*=
// operator/=
constexpr nu_abbrev_type abbrev() const { return s_unit.abbrev(); }
quantity & operator=(const quantity & x) {
this->scale_ = x.scale_;
return *this;
}
template <typename Q2>
requires(quantity_concept<Q2>
&& Q2::always_constexpr_unit)
quantity & operator=(const Q2 & x) {
auto x2 = x.template rescale<s_unit>();
this->scale_ = x2.scale();
return *this;
}
template <typename Q2>
requires(quantity_concept<Q2>
&& Q2::always_constexpr_unit)
constexpr operator Q2() const {
return this->template rescale<Q2::s_unit>().template with_repr<typename Q2::repr_type>();
}
public: /* need public members so that a quantity instance can be a non-type template parameter (is a structural type) */
static constexpr natural_unit<ratio_int_type> s_unit = NaturalUnit;
Repr scale_ = Repr{};
};
template < natural_unit<std::int64_t> NaturalUnit = natural_unit<std::int64_t>(),
typename Repr = double >
using stdquantity = quantity<NaturalUnit, Repr>;
template <typename Quantity, typename Int, typename Int2x>
constexpr auto
rescale(const Quantity & x, const scaled_unit<Int, Int2x> & su) {
return x.template rescale<su>();
}
namespace detail {
struct quantity_util {
/* parallel implementation to Quantity<Repr, Int> multiply,
* but return type will have dimension computed at compile-time
*/
template <typename Q1, typename Q2>
requires (quantity_concept<Q1>
&& quantity_concept<Q2>
&& Q1::always_constexpr_unit
&& Q2::always_constexpr_unit)
static constexpr auto multiply(Q1 x, Q2 y) {
using r_repr_type = std::common_type_t<typename Q1::repr_type,
typename Q2::repr_type>;
using r_int_type = std::common_type_t<typename Q1::ratio_int_type,
typename Q2::ratio_int_type>;
using r_int2x_type = std::common_type_t<typename Q1::ratio_int2x_type,
typename Q2::ratio_int2x_type>;
constexpr auto rr = detail::su_product<r_int_type, r_int2x_type>(x.unit(), y.unit());
r_repr_type r_scale = (((rr.outer_scale_sq_ == 1.0)
? 1.0
: ::sqrt(rr.outer_scale_sq_))
* rr.outer_scale_factor_.template convert_to<r_repr_type>()
* static_cast<r_repr_type>(x.scale())
* static_cast<r_repr_type>(y.scale()));
return quantity<rr.natural_unit_,
r_repr_type,
r_int2x_type
>(r_scale);
}
template <typename Q1, typename Q2>
requires (quantity_concept<Q1>
&& quantity_concept<Q2>
&& Q1::always_constexpr_unit
&& Q2::always_constexpr_unit)
static constexpr auto divide(Q1 x, Q2 y) {
using r_repr_type = std::common_type_t<typename Q1::repr_type,
typename Q2::repr_type>;
using r_int_type = std::common_type_t<typename Q1::ratio_int_type,
typename Q2::ratio_int_type>;
using r_int2x_type = std::common_type_t<typename Q1::ratio_int2x_type,
typename Q2::ratio_int2x_type>;
constexpr auto rr = detail::su_ratio<r_int_type, r_int2x_type>(x.unit(), y.unit());
r_repr_type r_scale = (((rr.outer_scale_sq_ == 1.0)
? 1.0
: ::sqrt(rr.outer_scale_sq_))
* rr.outer_scale_factor_.template convert_to<r_repr_type>()
* static_cast<r_repr_type>(x.scale())
/ static_cast<r_repr_type>(y.scale()));
return quantity<rr.natural_unit_,
r_repr_type,
r_int2x_type
>(r_scale);
}
};
} /*namespace detail*/
template <typename Q1, typename Q2, typename Int = typename Q2::ratio_int_type, natural_unit<Int> Unit = Q2::s_unit>
requires (quantity_concept<Q1>
&& quantity_concept<Q2>
&& Q1::always_constexpr_unit
&& Q2::always_constexpr_unit)
constexpr auto
with_units_from(const Q1 & x, const Q2 & y)
{
return x.template rescale<Unit>();
}
template <typename Repr2, typename Q1>
requires (quantity_concept<Q1>
&& Q1::always_constexpr_unit)
constexpr auto
with_repr(const Q1 & x)
{
return x.template with_repr<Repr2>();
}
/** note: won't have constexpr result w/ fractional dimension until c++26 (when ::sqrt(), ::pow() are constexpr)
**/
template <typename Q1, typename Q2>
requires (quantity_concept<Q1>
&& quantity_concept<Q2>
&& Q1::always_constexpr_unit
&& Q2::always_constexpr_unit)
constexpr auto
operator* (const Q1 & x, const Q2 & y)
{
return detail::quantity_util::multiply(x, y);
}
/** note: won't have constexpr result w/ fractional dimension until c++26 (when ::sqrt(), ::pow() are constexpr)
**/
template <typename Q1, typename Q2>
requires (quantity_concept<Q1>
&& quantity_concept<Q2>
&& Q1::always_constexpr_unit
&& Q2::always_constexpr_unit)
constexpr auto
operator/ (const Q1 & x, const Q2 & y)
{
return detail::quantity_util::divide(x, y);
}
namespace qty {
// ----- mass -----
inline constexpr auto picograms(double x) { return quantity<nu::picogram, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto nanograms(double x) { return quantity<nu::nanogram, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto micrograms(double x) { return quantity<nu::microgram, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto milligrams(double x) { return quantity<nu::milligram, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto grams(double x) { return quantity<nu::gram, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto kilograms(double x) { return quantity<nu::kilogram, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto tonnes(double x) { return quantity<nu::tonne, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto kilotonnes(double x) { return quantity<nu::kilotonne, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto megatonnes(double x) { return quantity<nu::megatonne, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto gigatonnes(double x) { return quantity<nu::gigatonne, double>(x); }
// ----- distance -----
inline constexpr auto picometers(double x) { return quantity<nu::picometer, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto nanometers(double x) { return quantity<nu::nanometer, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto micrometers(double x) { return quantity<nu::micrometer, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto millimeters(double x) { return quantity<nu::millimeter, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto meters(double x) { return quantity<nu::meter, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto kilometers(double x) { return quantity<nu::kilometer, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto megameters(double x) { return quantity<nu::megameter, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto gigameters(double x) { return quantity<nu::gigameter, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto lightseconds(double x) { return quantity<nu::lightsecond, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto astronomicalunits(double x) { return quantity<nu::astronomicalunit, double>(x); }
static constexpr auto meter = meters(1);
// ----- time -----
inline constexpr auto picoseconds(double x) { return quantity<nu::picosecond, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto nanoseconds(double x) { return quantity<nu::nanosecond, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto microseconds(double x) { return quantity<nu::microsecond, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto milliseconds(double x) { return quantity<nu::millisecond, double>(x); }
template <typename Repr>
inline constexpr auto seconds(Repr x) { return quantity<nu::second, Repr>(x); }
template <typename Repr>
inline constexpr auto minutes(Repr x) { return quantity<nu::minute, Repr>(x); }
inline constexpr auto hours(double x) { return quantity<nu::hour, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto days(double x) { return quantity<nu::day, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto weeks(double x) { return quantity<nu::week, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto months(double x) { return quantity<nu::month, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto years(double x) { return quantity<nu::year, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto year250s(double x) { return quantity<nu::year250, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto year360s(double x) { return quantity<nu::year360, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto year365s(double x) { return quantity<nu::year365, double>(x); }
//inline constexpr auto year366s(double x) { return quantity<double,std::int64_t, nu::year366>(x); }
static constexpr auto second = seconds(1);
// ----- volatility -----
/* volatility in units of 1/yr */
inline constexpr auto volatility_250d(double x) { return quantity<nu::volatility_250d, double>(x); }
inline constexpr auto volatility_360d(double x) { return quantity<nu::volatility_360d, double>(x); }
}
/* reminder: see [quantity_ops.hpp] for operator* etc */
} /*namespace qty*/
} /*namespace xo*/
/** end quantity.hpp **/