diff --git a/include/xo/expression2/DGlobalSymtab.hpp b/include/xo/expression2/DGlobalSymtab.hpp
index 5fe1edb3..2f8b1e14 100644
--- a/include/xo/expression2/DGlobalSymtab.hpp
+++ b/include/xo/expression2/DGlobalSymtab.hpp
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ namespace xo {
             using repr_type = xo::map::DArenaHashMap<key_type, Binding::slot_type>;
             using ACollector = xo::mm::ACollector;
             using AAllocator = xo::mm::AAllocator;
+            using AGCObject = xo::mm::AGCObject;
             using MemorySizeVisitor = xo::mm::MemorySizeVisitor;
             using ppindentinfo = xo::print::ppindentinfo;
             using size_type = std::uint32_t;
@@ -47,10 +48,16 @@ namespace xo {
              *  Use memory from @p mm for DGlobalSymtab instance.
              *  Hashmap for variables per @p var_cfg; for types per @p type_cfg.
              **/
-            static dp<DGlobalSymtab> make(obj<AAllocator> mm,
-                                          obj<AAllocator> fixed_mm,
-                                          const ArenaHashMapConfig & var_cfg,
-                                          const ArenaHashMapConfig & type_cfg);
+            static DGlobalSymtab * _make(obj<AAllocator> mm,
+                                         obj<AAllocator> fixed_mm,
+                                         const ArenaHashMapConfig & var_cfg,
+                                         const ArenaHashMapConfig & type_cfg);
+
+            /** like _make(..), but create fop **/
+            static obj<AGCObject,DGlobalSymtab> make(obj<AAllocator> mm,
+                                                     obj<AAllocator> fixed_mm,
+                                                     const ArenaHashMapConfig & var_cfg,
+                                                     const ArenaHashMapConfig & type_cfg);
 
             /** non-trivial destructor for @ref map_ **/
             ~DGlobalSymtab() = default;
diff --git a/src/expression2/DGlobalSymtab.cpp b/src/expression2/DGlobalSymtab.cpp
index 65eea5a6..158326ac 100644
--- a/src/expression2/DGlobalSymtab.cpp
+++ b/src/expression2/DGlobalSymtab.cpp
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  *  @author Roland Conybeare, Jan 2026
  **/
 
-#include "DGlobalSymtab.hpp"
+#include "GlobalSymtab.hpp"
 #include "Typename.hpp"
 #include "Binding.hpp"
 #include "DUniqueString.hpp"
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@ namespace xo {
         {
         }
 
-        dp<DGlobalSymtab>
-        DGlobalSymtab::make(obj<AAllocator> mm,
-                            obj<AAllocator> aux_mm,
-                            const ArenaHashMapConfig & var_cfg,
-                            const ArenaHashMapConfig & type_cfg)
+        DGlobalSymtab *
+        DGlobalSymtab::_make(obj<AAllocator> mm,
+                             obj<AAllocator> aux_mm,
+                             const ArenaHashMapConfig & var_cfg,
+                             const ArenaHashMapConfig & type_cfg)
         {
             /* note: using aux_mm for DArenaHashMap superstructure.
              * {variable, type} storage allocated from mm.
@@ -51,14 +51,26 @@ namespace xo {
 
             DArray * types = DArray::empty(mm, type_map->capacity());
 
-            auto symtab = dp<DGlobalSymtab>::make(mm,
-                                                  std::move(var_map), vars,
-                                                  std::move(type_map), types);
+            void * mem = mm.alloc_for<DGlobalSymtab>();
+
+            auto symtab = new (mem) DGlobalSymtab(std::move(var_map),
+                                                  vars,
+                                                  std::move(type_map),
+                                                  types);
             assert(symtab);
 
             return symtab;
         }
 
+        obj<AGCObject,DGlobalSymtab>
+        DGlobalSymtab::make(obj<AAllocator> mm,
+                            obj<AAllocator> aux_mm,
+                            const ArenaHashMapConfig & var_cfg,
+                            const ArenaHashMapConfig & type_cfg)
+        {
+            return obj<AGCObject,DGlobalSymtab>(_make(mm, aux_mm, var_cfg, type_cfg));
+        }
+
         void
         DGlobalSymtab::visit_pools(const MemorySizeVisitor & visitor) const
         {
@@ -275,6 +287,9 @@ namespace xo {
         {
             // map_ doesn't contain any gc-owned data, can skip
 
+            static_assert(var_map_.is_gc_eligible() == false);
+            static_assert(type_map_.is_gc_eligible() == false);
+
             gc.forward_inplace(&vars_);
             gc.forward_inplace(&types_);